The security situation in Iraq has improved markedly. The U.S. "Surge," along with several other factors appear to have had a positive effect. A window of opportunity has opened. Iraq's future nevertheless remains uncertain and the possibility that the situation could deteriorate into a broader regional crisis remains.

To date, debate over Iraq in Germany and Europe has focused primarily on the wisdom and success of the U.S.-led 2003 invasion. Five years later, however, experts are beginning to recognize that the time has come for a renewed discussion of Germany's own interests in Iraq.

This paper identifies key German interests and assesses German policy options.